part of speech: Verb
Places of use: Gallezero, Svyatozero
Places of use: Gallezero
| Wordforms | ||
| Southern Ludian (Svjatozero) | ||
| positive | negative | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative, present | ||
| 1st, sg | kaivan | en kaiva |
| 2nd, sg | kaivad, kaivat | ed kaiva, et kaiva |
| 3rd, sg | kaivau | ei kaiva |
| 1st, pl | kaivamme | emme kaiva |
| 2nd, pl | kaivatte | ette kaiva |
| 3rd, pl | kaivetah | ei kaiveta |
| indicative, imperfect | ||
| 1st, sg | kaivoin, kaivuoin | en kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | kaivoid, kaivoit, kaivuoid, kaivuoit | ed kaivanu, et kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | kaivoi, kaivuoi | ei kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | kaivoimme, kaivuoimme | emme kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | kaivoitte, kaivuoitte | ette kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | kaivettih | ei kaivettu |
| indicative, perfect | ||
| 1st, sg | olen kaivanu | en ole kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | oled kaivanu, olet kaivanu | ed ole kaivanu, et ole kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | on kaivanu | ei ole kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | olemme kaivanu | emme ole kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | olette kaivanu | ette ole kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | oldah kaivettu, on kaivettu | ei olda kaivettu, ei ole kaivettu |
| indicative, pluperfect | ||
| 1st, sg | olin kaivanu | en olnu kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | olid kaivanu, olit kaivanu | ed olnu kaivanu, et olnu kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | oli kaivanu | ei olnu kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | olimme kaivanu | emme olnu kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | olitte kaivanu | ette olnu kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | oldih kaivettu, oli kaivettu | ei oldu kaivettu, ei olnu kaivettu |
| conditional, present | ||
| 1st, sg | kaivaižin | en kaivaiš |
| 2nd, sg | kaivaižid, kaivaižit | ed kaivaiš, et kaivaiš |
| 3rd, sg | kaivaiš | ei kaivaiš |
| 1st, pl | kaivaižimme | emme kaivaiš |
| 2nd, pl | kaivaižitte | ette kaivaiš |
| 3rd, pl | kaivetaiš | ei kaivetaiš |
| conditional, imperfect | ||
| 1st, sg | kaivanuižin | en kaivanuiš |
| 2nd, sg | kaivanuižid, kaivanuižit | ed kaivanuiš, et kaivanuiš |
| 3rd, sg | kaivanuiš | ei kaivanuiš |
| 1st, pl | kaivanuižimme | emme kaivanuiš |
| 2nd, pl | kaivanuižitte | ette kaivanuiš |
| 3rd, pl | kaivetannuiš | ei kaivetannuiš |
| conditional, perfect | ||
| 1st, sg | oližin kaivanu | en oliš kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | oližid kaivanu, oližit kaivanu | ed oliš kaivanu, et oliš kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | oliš kaivanu | ei oliš kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | oližimme kaivanu | emme oliš kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | oližitte kaivanu | ette oliš kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | oldaiš kaivettu | ei oldaiš kaivettu |
| conditional, pluperfect | ||
| 1st, sg | olnuižin kaivanu | en olnuiš kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | olnuižid kaivanu, olnuižit kaivanu | ed olnuiš kaivanu, et olnuiš kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | olnuiš kaivanu | ei olnuiš kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | olnuižimme kaivanu | emme olnuiš kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | olnuižitte kaivanu | ette olnuiš kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | oldanuiš kaivettu | ei oldanuiš kaivettu |
| potential, present | ||
| 1st, sg | kaivanen | en kaivane |
| 2nd, sg | kaivaned, kaivanet | ed kaivane, et kaivane |
| 3rd, sg | kaivanou | ei kaivane |
| 1st, pl | kaivanemme | emme kaivane |
| 2nd, pl | kaivanette | ette kaivane |
| 3rd, pl | kaivetanneh | ei kaivetanne |
| potential, perfect | ||
| 1st, sg | lienen kaivanu | en liene kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | liened kaivanu, lienet kaivanu | ed liene kaivanu, et liene kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | lienöy kaivanu | ei liene kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | lienemme kaivanu | emme liene kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | lienette kaivanu | ette liene kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | lienöy kaivettu | ei liene kaivettu |
| Infinite forms | ||
| infinitive I | kaivada | |
| infinitive II, inessive | kaivades | |
| infinitive II, instructive | kaivaden | |
| infinitive III, adessive | kaivamal | |
| infinitive III, illative | kaivamah | |
| infinitive III, inessive | kaivamas | |
| infinitive III, elative | kaivamas | |
| infinitive III, abessive | kaivamata | |
| active, 1st participle | kaivai | |
| active, 2nd participle | kaivanu | |
| passive, 1st participle | kaivettav | |
| passive, 2nd participle | kaivettu | |
| Mikhailovskoye | ||
| positive | negative | |
| indicative, imperfect | ||
| 3rd, sg | kaivui | |
Places of use: Svyatozero
| Wordforms | ||
| Southern Ludian (Svjatozero) | ||
| positive | negative | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative, present | ||
| 1st, sg | kaivan | en kaiva |
| 2nd, sg | kaivad, kaivat | ed kaiva, et kaiva |
| 3rd, sg | kaivau | ei kaiva |
| 1st, pl | kaivamme | emme kaiva |
| 2nd, pl | kaivatte | ette kaiva |
| 3rd, pl | kaivetah | ei kaiveta |
| indicative, imperfect | ||
| 1st, sg | kaivoin, kaivuoin | en kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | kaivoid, kaivoit, kaivuoid, kaivuoit | ed kaivanu, et kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | kaivoi, kaivuoi | ei kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | kaivoimme, kaivuoimme | emme kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | kaivoitte, kaivuoitte | ette kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | kaivettih | ei kaivettu |
| indicative, perfect | ||
| 1st, sg | olen kaivanu | en ole kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | oled kaivanu, olet kaivanu | ed ole kaivanu, et ole kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | on kaivanu | ei ole kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | olemme kaivanu | emme ole kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | olette kaivanu | ette ole kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | oldah kaivettu, on kaivettu | ei olda kaivettu, ei ole kaivettu |
| indicative, pluperfect | ||
| 1st, sg | olin kaivanu | en olnu kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | olid kaivanu, olit kaivanu | ed olnu kaivanu, et olnu kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | oli kaivanu | ei olnu kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | olimme kaivanu | emme olnu kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | olitte kaivanu | ette olnu kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | oldih kaivettu, oli kaivettu | ei oldu kaivettu, ei olnu kaivettu |
| conditional, present | ||
| 1st, sg | kaivaižin | en kaivaiš |
| 2nd, sg | kaivaižid, kaivaižit | ed kaivaiš, et kaivaiš |
| 3rd, sg | kaivaiš | ei kaivaiš |
| 1st, pl | kaivaižimme | emme kaivaiš |
| 2nd, pl | kaivaižitte | ette kaivaiš |
| 3rd, pl | kaivetaiš | ei kaivetaiš |
| conditional, imperfect | ||
| 1st, sg | kaivanuižin | en kaivanuiš |
| 2nd, sg | kaivanuižid, kaivanuižit | ed kaivanuiš, et kaivanuiš |
| 3rd, sg | kaivanuiš | ei kaivanuiš |
| 1st, pl | kaivanuižimme | emme kaivanuiš |
| 2nd, pl | kaivanuižitte | ette kaivanuiš |
| 3rd, pl | kaivetannuiš | ei kaivetannuiš |
| conditional, perfect | ||
| 1st, sg | oližin kaivanu | en oliš kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | oližid kaivanu, oližit kaivanu | ed oliš kaivanu, et oliš kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | oliš kaivanu | ei oliš kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | oližimme kaivanu | emme oliš kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | oližitte kaivanu | ette oliš kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | oldaiš kaivettu | ei oldaiš kaivettu |
| conditional, pluperfect | ||
| 1st, sg | olnuižin kaivanu | en olnuiš kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | olnuižid kaivanu, olnuižit kaivanu | ed olnuiš kaivanu, et olnuiš kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | olnuiš kaivanu | ei olnuiš kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | olnuižimme kaivanu | emme olnuiš kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | olnuižitte kaivanu | ette olnuiš kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | oldanuiš kaivettu | ei oldanuiš kaivettu |
| potential, present | ||
| 1st, sg | kaivanen | en kaivane |
| 2nd, sg | kaivaned, kaivanet | ed kaivane, et kaivane |
| 3rd, sg | kaivanou | ei kaivane |
| 1st, pl | kaivanemme | emme kaivane |
| 2nd, pl | kaivanette | ette kaivane |
| 3rd, pl | kaivetanneh | ei kaivetanne |
| potential, perfect | ||
| 1st, sg | lienen kaivanu | en liene kaivanu |
| 2nd, sg | liened kaivanu, lienet kaivanu | ed liene kaivanu, et liene kaivanu |
| 3rd, sg | lienöy kaivanu | ei liene kaivanu |
| 1st, pl | lienemme kaivanu | emme liene kaivanu |
| 2nd, pl | lienette kaivanu | ette liene kaivanu |
| 3rd, pl | lienöy kaivettu | ei liene kaivettu |
| Infinite forms | ||
| infinitive I | kaivai | |
| infinitive II, inessive | kaivades | |
| infinitive II, instructive | kaivaden | |
| infinitive III, adessive | kaivamal | |
| infinitive III, illative | kaivamah | |
| infinitive III, inessive | kaivamas | |
| infinitive III, elative | kaivamas | |
| infinitive III, abessive | kaivamata | |
| active, 1st participle | kaivai | |
| active, 2nd participle | kaivanu | |
| passive, 1st participle | kaivettav | |
| passive, 2nd participle | kaivettu | |
Places of use: Михайловское
Places of use: Михайловское